Unable to connect to database - 01:29:43 Unable to connect to database - 01:29:43 SQL Statement is null or not a SELECT - 01:29:43 SQL Statement is null or not a DELETE - 01:29:43 Botany & Plant Biology 2007 - Abstract Search
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Abstract Detail


Temperature Responses

Prasad, P.V. Vara [1], Pisipati, Sudha [2], Ristic, Zoran [3], Fritz, Allan [2].

Influence of high nighttime temperatures during reproductive development on physiology and yield of spring wheat.

Climate models predict greater increases in nighttime temperature in future climates. The impact of high nighttime temperature on wheat is not well understood. The objectives of this research were to investigate the influence of high nighttime temperatures during reproductive development on phenology, physiological, vegetative, and yield traits of wheat. Two spring wheat cultivars (Pavon and Seri-82) were grown in controlled environments chambers at optimum temperatures (day/night, 24/14°C; 16/8 h photo/dark period) from sowing to booting and thereafter plants were exposed to four different nighttime temperatures (14, 17, 20, 23ºC) until maturity. The daytime temperature was similar at 24ºC across all treatments. Data on phenology (time to panicle emergence, flowering and maturity), physiological traits (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, chlorophyll fluorescence and leaf chlorophyll content) were measured at frequent intervals. At maturity, numbers of tillers and ears, shoot dry weight, spikelet fertility (proportion of filled to total grains per ear), seed-size and seed yield were determined. There was significant influence of high night temperatures (>17ºC) on growth and yield traits, but not cultivar by temperature interactions. High night temperature did not influence photosynthesis until 14 d, but was decreased at 21 d after stress. Grain filling duration was decreased by 3 and 7 d, respectively, at high night temperatures of 20 and 23ºC, when compared to 14ºC. High night temperature (23ºC) decreased spikelet fertility, while night temperature ≥20ºC also decreased the seed-size. High night temperatures (20 and 23ºC) led to decreases in grain yield and harvest index in both cultivars.


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1 - Kansas State University, Agronomy, 2004 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, USA
2 - Kansas State University, Agronomy
3 - USDA-ARS, Plant Science and Entomology Research Unit

Keywords:
heat stress
high temperature
grain filling
Photosynthesis
spikelet fertility
phenology.

Presentation Type: Plant Biology Abstract
Session: P
Location: Exhibit Hall (Northeast, Southwest & Southeast)/Hilton
Date: Sunday, July 8th, 2007
Time: 8:00 AM
Number: P08027
Abstract ID:1985


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