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Abstract Detail


Metabolism

Mihiret, A Yohannes [1], Saleh, M Norihan [2], Kodiswaran, I Kandasamy [3].

Extraction of Azadirachtin from Meristematic Callus Cultures of Sentang (Azadirachta. Excelsa [Jack] Jacobs).

Leaves of Azadirachta excelsa were explanted to produce meristematic calli and quantitatively detect the presence of azadirachtin in suspension cultures of these calli. A highly significant variation was observed among the plant growth regulators used in the callusing experiments. Hence, 88% of explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 36.2 µM 2,4-D gave calli with meristematic features. In cell suspension cultures, maximum cell-biomass increase (1.36 + 0.041 g) was obtained in media containing 2.26 µM ‘2,4-Di-chlorophenoxy-acetic acid’ and 0.22 µM thidiazuron, after six weeks of incubation. The exponential growth phase of suspension cultures showed a 12-15 days subculturing cycle. Cells formed fine cell aggregates that developed to globular structures. Samples were taken from these cultures, to detect and quantify azadirachtin using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Samples varied significantly with regard to the accumulation of azadirachtin. In turn, the accumulation of the substance in the samples was dependent on the type of growth regulator (especially auxin) used. Hence, ‘2,4-Di-chlorophenoxy-acetic acid’ treated samples showed the highest (0.966 mg/g) azadirachtin content, as compared to ‘Naphthalene Acetic Acid’ treated samples (0.793 mg/g). The results are comparable to the amount of azadirachtin from cultures of Azadirachta indica, the only source of the compound so far. Upon transfer to growth regulator free media, the globular structures produced shoot primordia, with a 63% conversion rate.
Key words: Azadirachtin, meristematic calli, Azadirachta excelsa, cultures


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1 - Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Plant Biotechnology, Yeka Kifle Ketema, Adwa Avenue, Addis Ababa, P.O.Box 19334, Ethiopia
2 - Universiti Putra Malaysia, Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences
3 - Forestry Research Institute of Malaysia, Forest Biotechnology

Keywords:
Azadirachta excelsa
Azadirachtin
meristematic cali.

Presentation Type: Plant Biology Abstract
Session: P
Location: Exhibit Hall (Northeast, Southwest & Southeast)/Hilton
Date: Sunday, July 8th, 2007
Time: 8:00 AM
Number: P19027
Abstract ID:1109


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